Talking Real Money - Investing Talk

Bond prices are falling as yields rise—and that does not mean diversification has failed. Don and Tom explain why high-quality bonds can decline when stocks and the economy are strong, why that behavior is normal, and why chasing high-yield or “alternative” bond funds can quietly turn the conservative side of a portfolio into more stock-market risk. They also answer questions about Roth conversions after required minimum distributions have begun, whether conversion taxes should ever come fro...

Some IRA mistakes cannot simply be reversed. Don and Tom explain the traps around non-spouse beneficiary transfers, the one-rollover-per-year rule, 72(t) plans, the same-property rollover rule, outdated beneficiaries, qualified charitable distributions, missed RMDs, and portfolio drift. Then Mike from Salt Lake City asks how aggressively he should convert a traditional IRA to Roth before Social Security and future inherited assets change the tax picture. Don and Tom discuss bracket managemen...

Don and Tom compare the S&P 500 with total-market and globally diversified investing, explain the danger of home bias, and show why owning more of the world can reduce concentration risk. Then they answer questions about Roth conversions, bond-fund losses, CD ladders, and matching a risk score to a stock-bond allocation. 00:00 Oktoberfest musical intro 01:23 S&P 500 versus the whole market 04:18 Why global diversification matters 09:07 Home bias around the world 13:11 A lost decade f...

Don and Tom use Disney’s infamous lemming myth to explain investor herd behavior, recency bias, and the danger of chasing whatever has recently been hot. Then they answer questions about simplifying a diversified portfolio, evaluating a long-held annuity, and why “Bank on Yourself” whole-life strategies create more problems than they solve. 00:00 The lemming film clip 00:56 The lemmings didn’t jump 02:21 The lemming corollary 04:38 Herd behavior in tech, crypto, and markets 07:58 When the cr...

Don tackles listener questions about growth versus value stocks, choosing the right time to retire, Medicaid and estate-planning concerns, the problems with infinite-banking whole-life policies, when annuities may make sense, and how mutual-fund distributions affect share prices. 00:00 Zeuhll musical intro 01:08 Friday Q&A begins 03:51 Growth stocks versus value stocks 07:43 Choosing the right month to retire 11:29 A parent’s home, Medicaid, and estate planning 14:52 Infinite banking and...

Is a home always a great investment? Don and Tom compare buying with renting, explain why leverage can make home returns look better than they are, and lay out when owning makes sense. Then they answer listener questions about one-fund versus multi-fund portfolios, disciplined rebalancing, and whether delaying Social Security still pays when a spouse is waiting for a benefit increase. 0:34 The American dream of homeownership 3:42 Home returns versus stocks 8:01 When buying beats renting 11:3...

Don and Tom unpack what financial advice should cost after a retired couple discovers they’re paying $31,000 a year. They compare fee-only, fee-based, and commission models, explain how hidden fund expenses compound the damage, and show why every advisor should disclose the full all-in cost. Listener questions cover the Avantis balanced fund, building retirement income from a total-return portfolio, and where bonds belong across taxable and retirement accounts. They also compare qualified c...

Covered-call ETFs trade away upside for income and still carry market risk. They also discuss TSP Roth conversions, an Avantis balanced fund, a possible X Money cash offer, and other media projects. Questions? Comments? Click!

The biggest drag on an investment portfolio may be the investor. Don and Tom examine the behavior gap—the difference between what investments earn and what people actually keep after fear, greed, overconfidence, and badly timed decisions take their toll. They explain why market timing so often means selling after prices fall and returning only after the recovery is obvious. Missing even a handful of the market's best days can dramatically reduce long-term wealth, while a disciplined plan help...

Seven listeners bring seven practical money decisions, and Don moves through them without the usual detours. He compares ETFs with mutual funds, untangles realistic stock returns and retirement withdrawal rates, and explains where a short-term bond fund may fit. Then he tackles the tax tail on an expensive legacy fund, why reverse-mortgage proceeds should stay safe, the real job of emergency savings, and what to have ready for a free advisor conversation. 2:13 ETFs vs. mutual funds 4:56 Rea...

One lucky streak can feel like investing genius—but anecdotes are not evidence. Don and Tom examine leveraged ETFs such as TQQQ, the brutal losses leverage can magnify, and why surviving a good run does not prove a strategy is sound. They answer a federal employee’s question about the TSP C, S, and I funds, explaining why a favorable 2003–2025 backtest cannot tell us what comes next and why diversification is still about reducing concentration risk. Then they dissect slick “hybrid pension” an...

Retirement planning becomes a two-clock problem when spouses are a decade or more apart in age. Don and Tom explain why one household may need to fund two timelines—and why healthcare, Social Security timing, survivor taxes, and account ownership deserve extra attention. The older, higher-earning spouse may need to delay Social Security to age 70 to protect the younger survivor. A strong plan also models the household after one spouse dies, when income and filing status can change abruptly. L...

Don and Tom examine the promises behind fixed, indexed, and immediate annuities—and why the word ‘guaranteed’ deserves closer scrutiny. They explain how insurers invest policyholder money, what state guaranty pools actually cover, and why complexity can hide both cost and risk. Listener questions cover when to claim Social Security, how delaying benefits can protect a surviving spouse, the interaction between Social Security COLAs and Medicare Part B premiums, and where TIPS may—or may not—be...

Higher fees do not buy higher returns. Don and Tom unpack the fee-to-risk/reward ratio, show how fund costs compound against investors, and compare low-cost index funds with expensive active funds, hedge funds, and private equity. Then they answer listener questions about converting Vanguard mutual funds to ETFs without triggering taxes, leaving a home to a stepson while preserving the step-up in basis, and spotting financial articles that are really advertisements in disguise. 3:22 The fee...

Six listener questions drive this Friday edition, starting with whether a pre-retirement car purchase belongs on a 401(k) withdrawal. Don explains why preserving tax-deferred growth usually matters more than trying to micromanage one year's tax bracket. The conversation moves through realistic return assumptions, global diversification, and the cleanest way to donate appreciated stock. Don also weighs the risks and costs of a non-traded real estate fund and reviews a thoughtfully conservative...

Retirement planning gets dangerous when people drift toward either extreme. Don and Tom unpack a survey in which savers wildly overestimate the nest egg they need, yet also assume they can safely withdraw 10% a year. The better answer is a portfolio and spending plan built for the actual person. They turn to the mechanics of retirement income: whether to take IRA distributions monthly or annually, how tax-aware withdrawals can help, and when paying cash for a large purchase makes sense. A li...

Winter comes for markets, too. Don and Tom ask the useful question before the next bear market arrives: will your portfolio—and your nerves—be ready? They revisit painful declines, concentrated bets, and why a plan matters most when selling feels irresistible. They explain how rebalancing, a sensible mix of stocks and bonds, and tax-loss harvesting can help investors respond with discipline. Your risk tolerance is only half the equation; there is no prize for taking more risk than your goals ...

Coast FI promises that if you save enough early, your retirement money can coast the rest of the way. Don and Tom run the numbers and find the missing passengers: inflation, Social Security, uncertain returns, and the messy surprises of real life. They like aggressive early saving, but not treating a projection as a guarantee—or abandoning a valuable saving habit and employer match. The listener questions cover Treasury bills versus CDs in high-tax states, California municipal bonds, and how...

Exciting investments often arrive wrapped in a great story—and hide a much bigger risk. Don and Tom revisit Financial Physics Rule 10, explain the price of chasing sizzle, and separate investing from speculation. Then they answer whether quarterly advisor check-ins are reasonable and why a sound portfolio should not require constant tinkering. They close with a conservative IRA allocation question and the tradeoffs among U.S. stocks, global diversification, and short- versus broad-term bonds...

Friday’s listener questions cover the kind of decisions that sound simple until the details arrive. Don weighs the ease of Vanguard’s total bond fund against building a Treasury ladder, and explains why convenience can be a perfectly sensible investment feature. Then it’s overseas: how much international stock exposure belongs in a diversified portfolio, and why no single U.S./international split is scientifically “right.” The show also sorts out HSA investing, beneficiaries, and the rule fo...

Americans’ 401(k) balances are hitting records—but nearly one in five workers has an outstanding plan loan. Don and Tom explain why a properly sized emergency fund should protect retirement savings from life’s inevitable surprises. They also show why TLT and other long-term Treasury funds are not cash substitutes: when rates move, long-duration bonds can swing like stocks. A diversified bond allocation, regular rebalancing, and clear buckets matter more than chasing today’s yield. Then they...

Bond prices are falling as long-term rates rise, but that doesn't mean bonds have failed. Don and Tom explain why bond prices and yields move in opposite directions, why a normal yield curve can look painful, and why the real job of bonds is stability—not stock-like returns. They compare broad intermediate-term bond funds with Treasuries, including the state-tax advantage of VGIT for some investors, and revisit the long-run case for a balanced portfolio. The bottom line: stop trying to time ...

Financial advice is everywhere, but useful investing guidance is strangely hard to find. Don and Tom sort through the stock-picking headlines, social-media hype, and finfluencers who turn excitement and fear into clicks. Then Randy sends an annuity sales presentation that makes some very large claims. The guys examine the unsupported numbers, the misleading comparisons, and why a prospectus matters more than a polished pitch. Plus, is a rising equity glide path really a cornerstone of retir...

If an investment takes longer than a minute to explain, the confusion may be doing the selling. Don and Tom examine the confusion-to-risk ratio through structured notes, CDOs, variable annuities, equity-index annuities, leverage, hidden tradeoffs, and the costly products that prosper when buyers stop asking simple questions. Then they tackle tax-gain harvesting for a child, Massachusetts municipal bonds, and RMD timing. Want more Money Music? Hear extended versions from Don’s fictional AI ba...

Retirement questions rarely have one-number answers. Don works through a couple’s ambitious retirement goal after a late start, a new retiree’s urge to attack a 7% mortgage with Roth money, and the tax-smart sale of expensive mutual funds. He also explains why target-date funds can improve real-world results, clarifies the rules for new Trump accounts, and shows how spending from a brokerage account can create room for a Roth conversion. The common thread: run the right numbers before making ...

The best portfolio cannot help much if every spare dollar disappears at checkout. Don and Tom debate practical ways to slow impulse purchases, automate saving, and build better money habits—without banning the things that make life enjoyable. A live listener call turns to TIAA and 403(b) costs, diversification, and where stocks and bonds belong across Roth and traditional accounts. Then they discuss why a pension promise depends on who stands behind it, and what investors trade when they move...

Who is looking out for insurance customers—and who is paying the people who set the standards? Don and Tom examine insurance-industry incentives, questions about the NAIC’s funding and transparency, and why consumers should ask about commissions and costs. Then a listener challenges their take on rising equity glide paths and sequence-of-returns risk. They revisit the competing research and the role of personal risk tolerance, explain AVGE’s fund-of-funds expenses, and compare a broad-market ...

Target-date funds promise a simple glide path from growth to safety—but people with the same retirement date can have completely different needs. Don and Tom compare Vanguard, Fidelity, and BlackRock funds, examine costs and stock-bond mixes, and explain why simple does not mean specific. Then they revisit decades of failed crash predictions from Rich Dad, Poor Dad author Robert Kiyosaki. Want more Money Music? Hear extended versions from Don’s fictional AI band, The Financial Fysicist, on A...

Should retirement spending pass through a Roth? Can a nonprofit offer a 401(k) with ETFs? Does active management really win overseas? Don works through a packed listener-question episode covering Roth conversions, retirement-plan rollovers, SPIVA versus Morningstar, Treasuries and CDs, dividend reinvestment in retirement, and whether a variable universal life policy still earns its keep. Want more Money Music? Hear extended versions from Don’s fictional AI band, The Financial Fysicist, on Ap...

A CFP mark reflects meaningful education, but it does not guarantee clean disciplinary history, fee-only advice, or an unwavering fiduciary relationship. Don and Tom examine the gap between reassuring credentials and the disclosures investors may find through FINRA BrokerCheck and SEC adviser records. They explain what investors should verify before hiring anyone: compensation, dual registration, product sales, disclosures, and a written fiduciary commitment. The designation can matter—but i...

An 11.15% coupon sounds irresistible—until you read the trapdoors. Don and Tom unpack a listener’s BNP Paribas auto-callable structured note and ask the question Wall Street hopes nobody asks: what actually has to happen before you get paid? The answer includes contingent coupons, the worst-performing of three indexes, a five-year lockup, bank credit risk, and a cliff where a 41% market loss can become your 41% loss. Add a 1.5% advisory fee, and this complicated promise fails the show’s favo...

Dimensional Fund Advisors founder David Booth joins Don and Tom to explain why better investing begins with accepting uncertainty instead of pretending to predict it. They discuss staying calm through frightening markets, controlling what investors can control, and why missing a rebound can permanently damage a plan. Booth also traces the evidence behind factor investing—market, size, value, and profitability—and explains why robust research must survive different countries, decades, and dat...

Risk and reward are inseparable, even when an investment pitch makes the danger hard to see. Don and Tom explain why higher expected returns require accepting uncertainty, why recent gains do not erase future losses, and why products promising market-like returns without market risk deserve skepticism. Then they answer listener questions about market odds, taxes, Chime, and finding truly fiduciary advice. Questions? Comments? Click!

It’s Friday Q&A—with a small experiment. Don slips one AI-generated voice among the listener questions and challenges you to identify the robot, with his complete two-book library hanging in the balance. The financial questions are thoroughly human: where to keep a future car fund, whether an $11,000 Roth-conversion program earns its fee, when children can fund Roth IRAs, and what happens when bond holdings move from a traditional IRA into a Roth. Don also tackles the enviable problem o...

Robinhood says it wants to be everything to investors—but its fastest-growing attractions look a lot like a casino. Don and Tom examine prediction markets, options, crypto, payment for order flow, and the uneasy fit between fiduciary advice and a brightly lit door to speculation. They explain why gamification and enormous transfer bonuses can be especially dangerous for inexperienced investors. If the goal is long-term wealth rather than entertainment, a boring, diversified custodian still b...

The market’s long winning streak has investors wondering whether a crash is waiting in the wings. Don and Tom look at the S&P 500’s run, the lost decade that followed the 1990s boom, and why international diversification changed that outcome dramatically. They also explain why market timing asks the impossible: missing the worst days sounds wonderful, but missing the best days can be devastating. The less theatrical answer is still the useful one—make a plan, understand your tolerance fo...

Wall Street has declared yet another “year of the stock picker.” Don and Tom examine Morningstar and SPIVA data showing how few active large-cap funds beat their benchmarks—and why high fees, trading costs, taxes, short horizons, and fierce competition keep the odds tilted toward low-cost diversification. Then Greg asks where stocks and bonds belong while he begins Roth conversions. The discussion covers asset location, small-cap value exposure, international diversification, tax brackets, I...

Rule Seven of Financial Physics says there is no new news: by the time public information reaches you, the market has already reacted. Don and Tom explain why neither headlines nor illegal insider tips offer ordinary investors a durable edge, why fast trading and miracle systems disappoint, and why accepting market returns is the saner path. Then they compare JAAA with BND, help a student balance FAFSA concerns with emergency savings and a Roth IRA, warn against reaching for yield, and unta...

Friday’s question pile ranges from the safest bond fund around to the harder question of what retirement is actually for. Don sorts through the choices with his usual preference for simple, sturdy answers. He weighs the TSP G Fund against BND, checks the bona fides of Raisin and The College Investor, and argues that leaving work makes sense only when something better is waiting on the other side. Then comes a candid disagreement over 21-fund portfolios, followed by a pension decision for a ...

Being great at running a company does not make anyone a market oracle. Don and Tom unpack the money regrets of successful CEOs—and the costly confidence that often follows success. They draw the line between business skill and investment skill, explain why financial literacy matters, and make the case for diversification over hindsight, stock-picking games, and concentrated bets. Then they turn to listener questions on catching up at 43, investing a church endowment, an underperforming robo...

Could a nation of steadier 401(k) investors make markets calmer—or will algorithms, options, and meme-stock behavior keep the ride bumpy? Tom and Roxy weigh the forces pulling volatility in both directions. Next, an almost-80-year-old with a $4 million portfolio asks who should coordinate the inheritance plan. The answer is a team effort, with the financial advisor calling the plays and the CPA and estate attorney handling their specialties. They also decode RIA versus IAR, flag the conflic...

AI’s appetite for data centers is sending tech giants to the bond market—and some of that debt will still be around in 2075. Don and Tom look at the scale of the borrowing and why a tempting yield deserves a closer look. They separate coupon rate from yield to maturity, explain senior unsecured debt, and show how brutally interest-rate-sensitive a 50-year bond can be. The verdict: these bonds may belong in a broad index, but they don’t belong on your personal shopping list. Listener questio...

Why is financial forecasting so persuasive when its track record is so poor? Don and Tom open the Book of Financial Physics to Law No. 6—“Nobody Knows Nothing”—and explain why stock pickers, market timers, and highly paid pundits cannot reliably tell you what comes next. Then they answer listener questions about permanent life insurance and deferred income annuities, trusted contacts and two-factor authentication, and whether a wealthy client can copy an advisor’s portfolio while paying for ...

Required minimum distributions don’t have to trigger a fire sale. Don explains how an in-kind transfer can move an investment from an IRA to a brokerage account while preserving the holding and resetting its cost basis. Then it’s back to school: a cut-off Coverdell question, the unusual strength of the TSP G Fund, and a surprisingly useful 4% money market account that can behave a lot like checking. The finale sorts out UTMA 529 rules, beneficiary control, and why a low-cost age-based portf...

Wall Street can promise dazzling returns, but private equity’s fees, illiquidity, and tax drag may leave investors with far less than the headline number. Don and Tom unpack research showing how ordinary index funds and municipal bonds can deliver comparable after-tax results with much less risk. Then a startling poll claims many Americans believe stocks only help the richest—and that gambling may beat investing. The hosts push back with the math, then tackle when taxable brokerage accounts ...

Fresh from passing the CFP exam, Roxy Butner joins Tom to work through a classic retirement fork: take the richer lifetime teacher pension, or accept a $315,000 lump sum and invest it. The math matters, but so do longevity, survivor benefits, liquidity, investing temperament, and the temptation to spend the pile. Next comes a clever tax-payment question: can IRA withholding replace quarterly estimated payments during Roth-conversion years? They explain why paying conversion taxes from taxabl...

Just when you thought America had invented every possible retirement account, along comes the Radish. Don and Tom dig into the proposed employer-funded savings plan, the man who helped create the 401(k), and whether workers really need another tax-advantaged vegetable in an already crowded garden. The practical answer is simpler: start saving now. A Roth IRA and one broad global stock ETF can do more good than waiting for the perfect account—or learning every acronym in the retirement alphab...

Financial Physics rule five asks the uncomfortable question every investor should answer: what is the worst that could happen? Don and Tom revisit leverage in 1929, the crashes of 2000, 2008, and 2020, and the practical defenses that keep a bad market from becoming a ruined plan. Then the questions turn to retirement planning: managing IRMAA while considering Roth conversions, weighing long-term-care insurance against self-insuring, and judging whether a $1.6 million portfolio can support a ...

Don opens with a spirited defense of AI as a creative tool—especially when it makes ideas possible that would otherwise be too expensive or time-consuming. Technology changes the jobs around us, but learning to direct it responsibly can expand what one person can make. Then it’s on to listener questions: how charitable giving from a retirement account might work better through an IRA and qualified charitable distributions, whether dividends and bond interest should be reinvested, and why mon...

Chargebacks were built to protect consumers from stolen cards and crooked merchants. Now they’re increasingly used when a subscription surprises someone, a restaurant disappoints, or buyer’s remorse sets in. Don and Tom sort real fraud from “friendly fraud”—and explain why the first call should usually go to the merchant, not the bank. They also look at confusing statement names, recurring subscriptions, the cost merchants absorb when a dispute lands, and why credit cards generally provide s...